Individual forms of leisure-time physical activity across generations: Determinants in an obesogenic environment

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to explore the external and internal determinants of individual forms of leisure-time physical
activity (IF LTPA) among adults living in Świętochłowice, one of the regions with the highest obesity rates in Poland. It
explores the effects of the generational cohort on the likelihood of engaging in IF LTPA.
Methods: The authors demonstrate an interdisciplinary approach, integrating public health science, sports science, and
management science. In view of this, the convenience sampling recognized in development sciences was used. Data were
collected in two phases: anthropometric measurements and a face-to-face questionnaire. The sample (N = 1,065 adults) was
divided into three generational cohorts: Generation Y, Generation X and the Baby Boomers. Logistic regression was applied
to identify relations between sociodemographic and anthropometric variables and engaging in IF LTPA.
Results: Younger generations are more likely to engage in IF LTPA (36% for Generation Y and 41% for Generation X vs 20%
for Baby Boomers). Moreover, only 8% of Generation Y reported no form of LTPA. Significant predictors of IF LTPA included
gender, BMI, socioeconomic group, financial situation, motivation (especially health), and overall physical activity level.
Women were significantly less likely to engage in IF LTPA across all cohorts.
Conclusions: The results suggest that physical activity and leisure offerings should be tailored to specific generational
cohorts. Physical activity and leisure-based products (services) should be designed and managed responsibly. Promoting IF
LTPA may enhance engagement in healthy lifestyles and support public health efforts in obesogenic environments.